20 Insightful Quotes About Evolution Korea
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Evolution Korea
The democratic system in South Korea is vulnerable to populist impulses. It's still more stable than was expected.
The country is looking for a new paradigm of development. A Confucian culture that emphasizes respect for ancestors as well as gendered family relationships continues to influence the society. However, there are signs that a secularist culture is beginning to emerge.
Origins
In prehistoric times the ancestors of the modern Koreans lived by hunting and gathering wild food. Then around 10,000 years ago, they began to grow crops such as millet and beans. They also raised livestock, and also made furs. They established tribal states in Manchuria and later on the Korean peninsula. They also established an industry of metalworking, making bronze tools and later iron ones. They traded with other states and introduced celadon, paper making block printing art styles, as well as written language to Japan.
In 2333 BCE Gojoseon was founded in the southern part of the peninsula. This state embraced Buddhism and adopted Chinese culture, including Confucian philosophy. In this period the people of Buyeo became part of Gojoseon. Gojoseon was a state that was hierarchical where the monarch and senior officials came from the aristocracy of the land, while the majority of the population was peasants. The state collected taxes from the citizens and often required them to join the army or participate in government projects such as building fortifications.
Onjo Prince Onjo, a prince from Goguryeo who was also the son of Jumong, the founder of Goguryeo established the state of Baekje at the close of the time. This new kingdom expanded its territory to the southwest of the peninsula and fought with Goguryeo and China's commanderies in the area. Baekje took on Confucian ideas into its state belief system in 1390 CE, and made the male-centered concept of filiopiety a tenet. Under the guise filiopiety, fathers were accountable to their families. They were expected to be obeyed by all and respected by their grandchildren and children.
Goryeo, who would rule from 918 to 1392 CE introduced the world to the Hangul alphabet built on the patterns created by the mouth during pronunciation. This greatly improved communication and led to a boom in the writing of Buddhist text. Woodblock printing and movable metal type were also improved. It was during this period that the Samguk sagi, or 'History Of the Three Kingdoms' first appeared in 1145 CE.
Evolution in Korea
The Korean peninsula has been habitable since Neolithic times. The earliest evidence of human settlements is evident in the form graves lined with stone, with precious items such as amazonite jewellery being buried with the dead. Megalithic structures, referred to as dolmens and constructed of single large stones, are common in the country.
Gojoseon was the first political state to be recognized in the first half of 1st millennium BCE. The peninsula was then ruled by a number of states during the Three Kingdoms Period (57 BC-635 CE) which included Baekje and Goguryeo. Additionally, the northern part of the peninsula was ruled by the Balhae kingdom, which the majority of historians don't consider to be a valid Korean state.
After the Three Kingdoms arose the Proto-Three Kingdoms Period, also known as the Several States Period. Baekje, the most powerful of these states was weakened by the fall of Goguryeo (676 CE), leaving it with only its southern regions in Manchuria, and the western region around Hwanghae Bay. Eastern Buyeo and the Gaya confederacy, flourished for a short period of time.
The Unified Silla kingdom then emerged, and the three kingdoms began to cooperate in order to expand their territories. Silla with the aid of the Chinese, eventually conquered and unified the peninsula in 935.
As Korea is entering a post-crisis period its development model appears to be changing. Those who are horrified by the huge cost of the old systems are in favor of a comprehensive plan for liberalization of labor, capital and markets for products. On the other hand champions of the old system seek to protect it by using nationalist sentiments and inflating fears about job losses.
The academic and policy analysts remain sharply divided on the extent to these two trends are driving Koreas evolution towards a new model of economic governance. This article examines developments to date by analyzing five phases of Korea's political development including democratic illiberalism (1945-60) democratic authoritarianism (1961-72), authoritarian exceptionalism (1972-87), democratic paternalism (1987-2001), and democratic participation (2002 to the present). This article also identifies key factors that appear to be driving these developments.
Creationism in Korea
In South Korea, 26% of the population is Christian. Creationists have succeeded in promoting their beliefs to this group. A 2009 survey showed that nearly one-third of respondents did not believe in evolution. Of those who voted, 41% said that there wasn't enough evidence from science to support the theory 39% of respondents said that the theory did not align with their beliefs and 17% claimed it was difficult to comprehend. This level of doubt is similar to the United States where a similar percentage do not believe humans evolved from less advanced forms of life.
In the past of the anti-evolution movements in Korea was focused on teaching college students and leading them to Christ. In 1980 the year 1980, a four-day creation science seminar was held in Seoul during the World Evangelization Crusade. Drs. Henry Morris and Duane Giss of ICR were the main speakers. This event attracted a large number of professors, church leaders and scientists.
The success of this event led to the creation of the Korea Association of Creation Research (KACR) on January 31, 1981. The inaugural meeting was widely reported in national newspapers, including The Korea Times and Chosun Ilbo and also received wide attention.
KACR began publishing a monthly 에볼루션 블랙잭 newsletter called CREATION, where it reported on its activities and published articles on scientific evidence for creationism. It also translated several slides and film strips from ICR and several books on creationism that were published outside of Korea. KACR members lectured throughout the country at universities and churches.
One example of an KACR success story took place at the KAIST university in Seoul. Students at KAIST in Seoul were so fascinated by creationism that they raised funds and received funding to build an enlightened museum on campus.
In addition to its activities, KACR has published a bimonthly magazine called CREATION. This magazine covers topics that pertain to the science of creation. It also sponsored a series lectures by ICR staff. It also has a network of local branch offices that host seminars and talks to schoolchildren and community groups.
Evolution in South Korea
In the latter part of the nineteenth century and early twentieth century, Korea began to adopt a more Westernized style of life. The traditional Korean dress, the hanbok, was replaced by miniskirts, as well as other fashion elements from abroad. Similarly, traditional Korean music styles were replaced by contemporary jazz and rock and roll. During this period, the famous samulnori or the masked dance-dramas were very popular. These dramatic pieces were performed to the beat of shaman drummers as well as other instruments of music.
Korea's new model of development is being developed in the aftermath of the economic crisis. The new regime's main challenge is the balance between the state-led economic policies and market-based ones. It also requires a change in the incentives and monitoring strategies that have shaped the system before the crisis. These issues are discussed in Chapters 3 & 4.
Baekje, founded by Onjo, prince and third son of Jumong of Goguryeo, was founded by people from the Hangang River area, Buyeo, and other areas as well as migrant workers from northern China. In the early 4th century, Baekje was a major regional power and expanded its territory to Mahan in the north and Jeollanam-do in the south. In the process, it entered into frequent battle with Goguryeo and the Chinese commanders along the border.
The decline of Silla between the 8th and 9th centuries led to the development of powerful local factions. Gungye was a noble from Later Baekje, established a kingdom with Songak as its capital. He also held control over a portion of present-day Jeolla and Chungcheong provinces. Then, he moved the capital to Wansanju and became a rival to Goguryeo.
His rule was however only for a short time. After his defeat, Gungye was replaced by a powerful local leader, Wang Geon, who united Goryeo with Baekje and Silla in 935, Later Baekje was incorporated peacefully into Goryeo as a successor state. Wang Geon also introduced fundamental reforms, and strengthened the centralized ruling system. This marked the end to the Three Kingdoms Period. From that point on, the Korean peninsula was controlled by the Goryeo Dynasty. In the Three Kingdoms period, Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla gradually grew to become powerful states in Manchuria and on the peninsula.